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ZEPOSIA is a once-daily pill for adults with relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS).
Take as directed by your doctor if certain liver problems exist.
ZEPOSIA is a once-daily pill for adults with relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS).
Take as directed by your doctor if certain liver problems exist.
Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, or RRMS, is one type of MS and is the most common course of the condition. Understanding how MS occurs, the progression of RRMS, common symptoms, and ways to manage the condition may bring you closer to finding the help you need.
Although there is no way to predict relapsing MS from one person to another, there are three different common types of relapsing MS.
CIS is the first “episode” of MS symptoms. To be considered CIS, these symptoms must last at least 24 hours. Many people who experience a CIS episode do not always go on to develop MS.
This is the most common form of MS, as 85% of people with MS are diagnosed with RRMS. This type of MS is defined by attacks of new or worsening neurological symptoms called “relapses.” Relapses can often be followed by periods of partial or complete recovery, called “remissions.”
RRMS can be categorized as “active” with relapses and or new MRI activity over a specific period of time, or “not active,” and as “worsening” with an increase in disability progression after experiencing a relapse or “not worsening.”
SPMS initially follows the course of RRMS, which can progress to "active SPMS." This type of MS is categorized by frequent relapses and a progressive worsening of neurological function and disability over time.
In all types of MS, the body’s immune system to attack the central nervous system (CNS), which consists of the brain, the optic nerves, and the spinal cord.
Lesions disrupt the CNS and keep the brain from sending signals to the rest of the body. These “signal breakdowns” can lead to MS symptoms
The nerves within the CNS are covered by a protective coating called myelin.
MS attacks the myelin, causing damage that can prevent the CNS from functioning like it should.
MS can lead to both physical and cognitive symptoms. And they can be different for everyone: Here are a few of the most common MS symptoms.
One of the ways to help treat MS is with a type of medication called a disease-modifying therapy (DMT). Making healthy lifestyle choices is another way to help manage MS.
According to The Use of Disease-Modifying Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis, it is important to:
DMTs are not meant for managing MS symptoms day to day. However, there are other types of medications that can help. Talk to your MS healthcare team to learn more.
Making healthy lifestyle choices such as staying active, getting enough sleep, and eating right can help with MS. To learn more, visit CanDo-MS.org
The information on this page comes from sources that include:
Brain health: time matters in multiple sclerosis
Giovannoni G, Butzkueven H, Dhib-Jalbut S, et al. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2016;9(Suppl 1):S5-S48.
Cognitive changes
National Multiple Sclerosis Society.
Accessed March 28, 2023. https://www.nationalmssociety.org/Symptoms-Diagnosis/MS-Symptoms/Cognitive-Changes
Disease-modifying therapies for MS
National Multiple Sclerosis Society.
Accessed March 28, 2023. https://nms2cdn.azureedge.net/cmssite/nationalmssociety/media/msnationalfiles/brochures/brochure-the-ms-disease-modifying-medications.pdf
Managing relapses
National Multiple Sclerosis Society.
Accessed March 28, 2023. https://www.nationalmssociety.org/Treating-MS/Managing-Relapses
MS signs & symptoms
National Multiple Sclerosis Society.
Accessed March 28, 2023. https://www.nationalmssociety.org/Symptoms-Diagnosis/MS-Symptoms
Practice guideline recommendations summary: Disease-modifying therapies for adults with multiple sclerosis
Rae-Grant A, Day GS, Marrie RA, et al. Neurology. 2018;90(17):777-788.
The use of disease-modifying therapies in multiple sclerosis: principles and current evidence. A consensus paper by the Multiple Sclerosis Coalition
Costello K, Kalb R.
Updated June 2019. Accessed March 28, 2023. http://www.nationalmssociety.org/getmedia/5ca284d3-fc7c-4ba5-b005-ab537d495c3c/DMT_Consensus_MS_Coalition_color